Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer in magnetohydrodynamic hybrid Nanofluid (SWCNTs + Ag + Gasoline) flow over a variable thickness sheet with melting heat effects

Abstract

The work examines the heat and mass transfer in the melting process of a hybrid Nanofluid (SWCNTs + Ag + Gasoline) flow subject to a magnetic field over a sheet of variable thickness. Analysis incorporates multiple physical phenomena such as melting heat, viscous dissipation, magnetic field, Brownian diffusion and thermophoretic diffusion in mass concentration. Through similarity variable transformations, the PDEs are reduced to coupled ODEs. The influence of mass concentration on diffusion and heat transfer properties as well as its interplay with temperature field is examined in detail. The MHD effects are explored, highlighting the role of the magnetic field on fluid velocity, temperature and mass transfer rates. To solve the boundary value problem, the bvp4c solver of MATLAB (9.14) is employed.   The analysis explores the influence of various dimensionless parameters on the flow characteristics such as velocity, temperature, concentration, wall shear stress, rate of heat and mass transfer. The results visually provide insights that are applicable to energy storage systems, industrial melting processes and magnetic cooling applications.