A Review on in-vitro Techniques for Increase the Production of Secondary Metabolites in Plants

Abstract

Plants generate different kinds of secondary metabolites. These metabolites are employed in modern medicine development for a variety of purposes. Thus, they are significant in the pharmaceutical industry. These secondary metabolites are only used by plants to strengthen their defenses against herbivores, a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses, and the development of interspecies defenses. However, secondary metabolites are employed in human civilization for a wide range of products, including drugs, flavoring agents, pigments, and medicines. Consequently, the pharmaceutical industry is developing quickly and relies on a wide variety of medicinal plants. To fulfil the high demand of those industries, medicinal plants become gradually endangered day by day. Plant tissue culture is a cost effective and easy micro propagation technique which can improve the secondary metabolites of plant by applying various techniques like elicitation, hairy root culture, suspension culture etcetera. Plant tissue culture is an easy opportunity to study and alter the pathways of secondary metabolites production through physiological and genetic up gradation of plant species.

It is easy to produce secondary metabolites by using plant tissue culture as needed. Simultaneously, it is feasible to alter the pathways leading to the production of secondary metabolites and extract valuable components from economically significant plants. Since medicinally significant plants are the primary source of raw materials used in the pharmaceutical industry, the process Plant tissue culture is demanding to preserve those valuable endangered plants with successful continuous formation of desired plant derived metabolites.