Formulation and Pharmacological Evaluation of Nano-Emulgel Containing Rheum Ribes Extract for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) pose a significant health concern globally, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to formulate and assess the pharmacological efficacy of a Nano-Emulgel containing Rheum Rhizome extract for UTI treatment. The Nano-Emulgel was prepared utilizing a blend of Rheum Rhizome extract and nanoemulsion loaded into a gel base for improved bioavailability and targeted delivery. The formulation process involved the preparation of nanoemulsion using high-pressure homogenization techniques. The optimized Nano-Emulgel formulation was characterized for its physicochemical properties, including particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, viscosity, and drug release profile. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate its antimicrobial activity, bioavailability, and therapeutic efficacy. The characterized Nano-Emulgel exhibited a desirable particle size distribution (nanometric range), appropriate viscosity for easy application, and sustained drug release profile. Pharmacological assessments revealed potent antimicrobial activity against common UTI-causing pathogens, demonstrating the potential of Rheum Rhizome extract in inhibiting bacterial growth. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrated enhanced bioavailability and prolonged retention of the active constituents at the site of infection upon Nano-Emulgel application, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes in UTI treatment. The findings suggest that the developed Nano-Emulgel formulation containing Rheum Rhizome extract holds promise as an effective therapeutic intervention for UTIs. Its enhanced antimicrobial activity, sustained release profile, and improved bioavailability make it a potential candidate for further clinical investigations towards combating urinary tract infections effectively.