Conversion of De-Oiled and Dried Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Cake into C5 And C6 Sugars by Using Acid Hydrolysis Treatment.

Abstract

Agricultural bio-mass is the world largest and most potential and promising source of renewable energy and chemicals for upcoming generation. Without depleting the reserves therefore, the present study was aimed to extract sugars from bio-mass using most common processes like acid hydrolysis, where in virtually any acid can be used; however, H₂SO₄ diluted (or) Concentrated acid is widely used in this process, since it is least expansive acid. The hydrolysis process converts the cellulose and hemicellulose to sugars, by treating biomass with water in the presence of acid to give sugars. The biomass used in the present work is de-oiled dried Karanja cake that is obtained as a powder from local market. The present work is focusing on acid hydrolysis of biomass to maximize sugar yields from Karanja seed cake. The acid hydrolysis is carried out in a jacketed batch reactor. The conditions employed are 1:10 seed cake to acid solution, 250 rpm, and different acid concentrations ranging from (1-6%(diluted acid) and 30-70%(Conc. acid). the reactions are carried out for 1hr to 6hrs. Hydrolysed product have shown, an average yield of 120±5 mg total sugars/ g of Karanja seed cake and conversion percentage of carbohydrates to sugars was obtained 38% at an (4-5%) diluted acid hydrolysis and 58-60 ^oC and 250-300 mg total sugars/g of Karanja seed cake and maximum conversion of carbohydrates to sugars was observed 75% at 40-50% Concentrated acid hydrolysis at 50-55 ^oC.