The Reflection of the Elderly's Attendance and Perception of Architectural Spaces on Cognitive Maps

Abstract

The present study examines behavioral and cognitive responses of the elderly about spatial specifications in Kahrizak Nursing home. A simulation was performed in Depthmap. The results represent adaptive and maladaptive behavioral responses of older adults toward spatial configurations of their environment. The study population consisted of 40 senior citizens (60-80 years old) living in Kahrizak Nursing home with cognitive abilities and ability to walk. The comparability of the role of spatial syntax of the environment and the obtained cognitive maps with the elderly’s sociability behaviors was examined. The study was carried out in two phases including qualitative and quantitative phases. Information gathering was done through a document-library method and the status quo in the study environment was examined through field observation. In addition, the required data was gleaned through interview and cognitive maps techniques. Two types of analyses, namely VGA and ISOVIST, were used in space syntax, which were eventually compared to the cognitive maps drawn by the elderly. The results indicated a significant relationship between the results of spatial syntax and the cognitive maps based on the elderly’s perception of the space. Therefore, highlighting some spaces or neglecting others in the cognitive maps was because of the specifications and physical structure of the compound. The spaces that did not play a role in the mental perception of the participants were examined and a few recommendations were made to improve perceptibility of the spaces by the users.