The Space Opening Number and Volume Effect in the Form of High Buildings Under the Wind Force

Abstract

Wind force and its response are the main factors dominated the design norms of high buildings. The high buildings form affects the wind movement pattern. The presence of a hole in the form is one of the most common measures of form design. This research investigates comparatively wind flow distribution in a high building with horizontal hole, with the hole variable number and volume and with the aim of finding the space opening effect on wind movement pattern. Numerical study was done by Computational Fluid Dynamics (ANSYS Fluent). In order to validate the results, field studies have been used. The results indicate that the form with more holes is more efficient to reduce the wind force. The wind speed in the middle of the form span with the larger tunnel is 2.436 and in the middle of the volume with the smaller tunnel is 1.249, which is 48.7% greater. In general, with increasing in the tunnels number, the increase in wind speed becomes independent of the tunnels number and the wind speed increases affected by height. In addition, from the locating openings inside the tunnels view point replacing, openings on the leeward wall, in the middle of the wall, is more suitable and if it forced to design the opening on the windward exposure wall, their placement on the first third of the tunnels is more efficient. The design of the space openings reduces the wind speed in the terraces located in the leeward facade, and in relation to the windward exposure facade, the design of the terraces before the space openings is more suitable.